Bridging Divides: Promoting Reconciliation through Peace Journalism in South African Media Coverage of Xenophobic Violence

Abstract

This study critically examines the application of peace journalism principles in South African newspaper coverage of xenophobic violence, focusing specifically on episodes from 2008 and 2015. Utilizing qualitative content analysis guided by Johan Galtung’s peace journalism framework, the research evaluates the extent to which leading newspapers, Mail & Guardian, Sunday Times, The Star, and Daily Sun, contextualized conflicts, avoided binary narratives, amplified marginalized voices, and promoted solutions-oriented reconciliation. Findings indicate significant disparities in journalistic practices, with analytical newspapers such as Mail & Guardian consistently adhering to peace journalism principles through contextual reporting, inclusive representation, and solution-focused narratives. Conversely, tabloids like Daily Sun prioritized sensationalism, reinforcing stereotypes and neglecting comprehensive contextualization. These  variations highlight the crucial influence media narratives have on societal perceptions and responses to xenophobic violence. The study emphasizes the transformative potential of peace journalism, arguing for its broader adoption within South African media as a critical strategy for fostering empathy, understanding, and social cohesion. Ultimately, the consistent application of peace journalism principles could substantially contribute to addressing the structural causes of xenophobia and to promoting sustainable peace and reconciliation.